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Kangaroo

Physics-based form-finding and constraint solver for Grasshopper

Interactive physics engine for Grasshopper enabling real-time simulation, form-finding, optimization, and constraint solving. Uses particle-spring systems to explore structural-aware geometries, catenary curves, tensile membranes, and efficient structural forms. Integrated with Rhino 6+.

Established
Founded 2010 · Thousands of users via Rhino installations; widely used in architecture practices and academic institutions

Why This Tool Exists

The Problem

Architects and structural engineers manually iterate form variations to meet structural constraints, aesthetic goals, and performance requirements. Designers lack intuitive real-time feedback as they explore constrained geometry, often requiring expensive external FEA tools, multiple design cycles, or manual re-optimization.

The Solution

Interactive physics solver integrated into Grasshopper enabling real-time exploration of constrained forms. Designers define constraints (anchor points, springs, forces) and the particle-spring solver iteratively finds equilibrium geometries. Supports catenary curves, tensile structures, dome optimization, stress distribution analysis, and topology exploration with live visual feedback.

How You Use It

Delivery Method
Plugin/ExtensionIntegrated Component
Integrations
RhinoGrasshopperShapeDiverPackhunt
Disciplines
Architecture, Structural Engineering, Landscape Architecture
Project Phases
Schematic Design, Design Development, Pre-Design
Project Types
Commercial, Residential, Infrastructure, Pavilions/Installations, Parametric Structures

Data Transparency

Exactly what this tool uses and how

Input
What it needs
Required: Base geometry (points, curves, or meshes), Constraint definitions (anchors, forces)
Optional: Initial geometry configuration, Material properties, Load specifications, Custom force definitions
Formats: Grasshopper geometry objects, Meshes, Curves, Point clouds, Vectors
Output
What you get
Format: Optimized 3D geometry with constraint satisfaction
Fields: Solved geometry (curves, surfaces, meshes), Spring forces and tension diagrams, Deformation vectors, Equilibrium state visualization, Stress/strain analysis for structural forms
Algorithm
How it works
Model: Particle-spring physics system with iterative constraint solver
Accuracy: Converges to physics equilibrium based on spring stiffness and force definitions; precision depends on iteration count and solver tolerances
Privacy
How your data is protected
Retention: No cloud data retention; runs locally within Rhino/Grasshopper application
Training: Not applicable; no machine learning models
Compliance: Not applicable - local computational tool; no data transmission
API
Integration
Endpoint: Not applicable; local plugin without API
Method: Grasshopper native component interface

Use Cases

  • · Form-finding for catenary vaults and shell structures
  • · Tensile membrane and cable-net structure design and optimization
  • · Parametric dome and geodesic structure generation
  • · Hanging chain and funicular arch exploration
  • · Stress-aware topology optimization for efficient structures
  • · Interactive exploration of form constrained by gravity and tension
  • · Structural analysis visualization for design development presentations

Pricing

Free
Free - Bundled with Rhino 6+ (included in Rhino license)
Pro
Not separately priced
Enterprise
Included with Rhino Enterprise licenses
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Research Sources & Data Quality Last verified: 2026-04-04
Verified Data (17)
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Not Found (5)
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