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Kangaroo

Physics-based form-finding and constraint solver for Grasshopper

Interactive physics engine for Grasshopper enabling real-time simulation, form-finding, optimization, and constraint solving. Uses particle-spring systems to explore structural-aware geometries, catenary curves, tensile membranes, and efficient structural forms. Integrated with Rhino 6+.

Established
Founded 2010 · Thousands of users via Rhino installations; widely used in architecture practices and academic institutions
Website → ← All Tools

Why This Tool Exists

The Problem

Architects and structural engineers manually iterate form variations to meet structural constraints, aesthetic goals, and performance requirements. Designers lack intuitive real-time feedback as they explore constrained geometry, often requiring expensive external FEA tools, multiple design cycles, or manual re-optimization.

The Solution

Interactive physics solver integrated into Grasshopper enabling real-time exploration of constrained forms. Designers define constraints (anchor points, springs, forces) and the particle-spring solver iteratively finds equilibrium geometries. Supports catenary curves, tensile structures, dome optimization, stress distribution analysis, and topology exploration with live visual feedback.

How You Use It

Delivery Method
Plugin/ExtensionIntegrated Component
Integrations
RhinoGrasshopperShapeDiverPackhunt
Workflows
Project Phases
Schematic Design, Design Development, Pre-Design
Project Types
Commercial, Residential, Infrastructure, Pavilions/Installations, Parametric Structures

Data Transparency

Exactly what this tool uses and how

Input
What it needs
Required:Base geometry (points, curves, or meshes), Constraint definitions (anchors, forces)
Optional:Initial geometry configuration, Material properties, Load specifications, Custom force definitions
Formats:Grasshopper geometry objects, Meshes, Curves, Point clouds, Vectors
Output
What you get
Format:Optimized 3D geometry with constraint satisfaction
Fields:Solved geometry (curves, surfaces, meshes), Spring forces and tension diagrams, Deformation vectors, Equilibrium state visualization, Stress/strain analysis for structural forms
Algorithm
How it works
Model:Particle-spring physics system with iterative constraint solver
Accuracy:Converges to physics equilibrium based on spring stiffness and force definitions; precision depends on iteration count and solver tolerances
Privacy
How your data is protected
Retention:No cloud data retention; runs locally within Rhino/Grasshopper application
Training:Not applicable; no machine learning models
Compliance:Not applicable - local computational tool; no data transmission
API
Integration
Endpoint:Not applicable; local plugin without API
Method:Grasshopper native component interface

Use Cases

  • ·Form-finding for catenary vaults and shell structures
  • ·Tensile membrane and cable-net structure design and optimization
  • ·Parametric dome and geodesic structure generation
  • ·Hanging chain and funicular arch exploration
  • ·Stress-aware topology optimization for efficient structures
  • ·Interactive exploration of form constrained by gravity and tension
  • ·Structural analysis visualization for design development presentations

Pricing

Free
Free - Bundled with Rhino 6+ (included in Rhino license)
Pro
Not separately priced
Enterprise
Included with Rhino Enterprise licenses
Sources & Research NotesResearch date: 2026-04-04
Fields Checked (17)
problem, solution, deliveryMethod, integrations, disciplines, projectPhases, projectTypes, yearFounded, maturityStage, customerBase, license, input-formats, output-structure, algorithm-approach, useCases, pricing, control-features
Not Found (5)
vendorFundingTotal, api-documentation, formal-privacy-policy, soc2-compliance, iso-certification
About this research: This record summarizes the cited sources and fields checked. A research date does not establish hands-on testing. Consult the original sources for current details and limitations.